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WSJ's Aaron Back: King Dollar is abdicating and that's OK

Section: Daily Dispatches

By Aaron Back
The Wall Street Journal
Wednesday, December 30, 2020

There are many reasons to expect a weaker U.S. dollar next year and perhaps for longer, but none more important than the new policy stance of the Federal Reserve.

The U.S. dollar briefly rallied in March due to its haven role in investment portfolios. Since then, it has dropped around 12% against a trade-weighted basket of currencies as the U.S. turned out to be even harder hit by the coronavirus pandemic than most major economies.

... Dispatch continues below ...


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As vaccines are rolled out and the global economy snaps back, this trade won't necessarily run in reverse. Rather, currencies of countries that export commodities and manufactured goods are likely to keep strengthening against the dollar, as would be seen in a typical global recovery. Some Asian exporters already are quietly intervening to limit their currencies' rise.

But this time, reasons to expect a weaker dollar run even deeper. For several years before the pandemic, U.S. interest rates on both the long and short ends of the yield curve were substantially higher than in Europe and Japan—a major source of strength for the U.S. currency. That premium has largely disappeared, though, as the Fed lowered short-term rates to near zero and launched a new round of asset purchases. The yield on 10-year U.S. Treasury notes has fallen from almost 2% at the start of the year to around 0.93% now.

Granted, that is still well higher than the 0.02% and minus-0.58% yields on 10-year Japanese and German government bonds, respectively. But real yields in the U.S. are in fact lower on an inflation-adjusted basis, points out markets economist Simona Gambarini of Capital Economics. In the U.S., the core consumer-price index was 1.6% higher than a year earlier in November. That compares with slight deflation in Japan and the eurozone.

This gap in real rates is unlikely to narrow soon. After all, the Fed pledged in August to let inflation run above its 2% target for an extended period and not to respond to falling unemployment with pre-emptive rate increases. Meanwhile, peer central banks around the world continue to target inflation rates of around 2% while falling well short of that.

If markets take the Fed at its word, they won't bid up the dollar as they normally might in response to robust inflation or growth data out of the U.S. This is why TS Lombard economist Steven Blitz calls the new framework an effective end to the traditional "strong dollar" policy of the U.S. government. ...

... For the remainder of the analysis:

https://www.wsj.com/articles/king-dollar-is-abdicating-and-thats-ok-1160...

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